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  • br Conclusion Conventional surgical excision of the tumoral

    2021-04-15


    Conclusion Conventional surgical excision of the tumoral lesions is the primer therapy for the BCC. Recurrence rates are significantly higher for surgical margin positive lesions that also creates challenges for the surgeons on obtaining best cosmetic and oncologic results. In our study, EGFR 2-deoxy-d-glucose were higher in lesions with recurrence in the patient group of surgically excised BCC with positive surgical margin(s) and also there was statistically significant difference in infiltrative subtyped lesions. Our study is the first study that sets the role of EGFR in pathogenesis of recurrence of BCC's with positive surgical margins. Further studies can be planned by increasing the number of samples in the direction of the obtained findings, and potential pathways of EGFR can be revealed in the pathogenesis of the BCC.
    Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest
    Informed consent
    Introduction Characterized by the utilization of multi-herbal materials, traditional Chinese medicines [[1], [2], [3]] (TCMs) have long history with successful applications to prevent and treat various diseases in China. Recently, TCMs are getting attentions due to theirs efficiency, lack of drug resistance, and low levels of toxicity and side effects, and have also been gradually accepted in many other countries [4,5]. Tubeimu, Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim.) Franquet (Cucurbitaceae) is a TCM. As early as 1978, a terpenoid anticancer active ingredient, tubeimoside 1 (TBMS1) was isolated and purified from the tubers of Bolbostemma paniculatum by our research group, and then the anti-tumor growth and metastasis effect were systematically studied [[6], [7], [8], [9], [10]]. The results of early in vitro antitumor experiment showed that TBMS1 has significant inhibitory effect on lung cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, melanoma, cervical tumor, blood cancer, oral epithelial cancer and liver cancer, and the sensitivity to lung cancer was the highest, the average tumor inhibition rate was up to 44%, and the reproducibility was good [11]. It inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis by increasing the ratio from Bax to Bcl-2 and decreasing cyclooxygenase-2 expression in lung cancer cells [12]. Previous studies have demonstrated that TBMS1 exerts direct cytotoxicity in human cancer cell lines [[13], [14], [15]]. However, the mechanism of anti-lung cancer of TBMS1 is not clear enough, due to the limitations of the experimental method. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is a receptor for members of EGF family of extracellular protein ligands [16] that regulate cellular growth, survival proliferation [17] and relate to the pain processing [18]. More importantly, it's overexpressed could cause highly activated in multiple cancers. Lung cancer is a worldwide disease, and the effective treatment of lung cancer is a hot topic was watched by researchers. EGFR is one of the main therapeutic targets of lung cancer, its activation mechanism was detailed revealed by recent structural and genetic studies [[19], [20], [21]]. Previous work has given the evidence to show that static magnetic fields can affect cell proliferation in a cell-type and inhibit cancer cell growth [22]. The activation of cell proliferation will be decreased while the dimer of EGFR was separated into monomers. Thus, the change of molecular conformation has a direct impact on the activity. As a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of EGFR, Iressa and Tarceva have received regulatory approval for usage as a treatment for non-small cell lung cancer [23]. However, serious side effects have been reported with the usage of them, including: allergic reactions, loss of appetite, or diarrhea and others, and the side effects will bring additional pain to the patient and significantly reduce the quality of life. Thus, how to avoid or decrease the side effects has been become an important issue for human health.
    Simulation methods