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Through a large scale phylogenetic analysis of
2022-04-06
Through a large-scale phylogenetic analysis of UDG superfamily in more than 1000 completely sequenced genomes, it is shown that family 3 PI-103 can be separated into two clades with the traditional family 3 SMUG1 as one of them (Fig. 1) [31]. UDG enzymes in another clade are present in eubacteria ge
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br Materials and methods br
2022-04-06
Materials and methods Results In this study we re-examined the kinetics of ET transport and tested the ability of various suggested substrates of OCNT1 to inhibit ET uptake. Using a native ET transporter expressed in the human HeLa cell line ET was found to be taken up with a Km of 51 μM and V
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Finally it is possible that the increase in the number
2022-04-06
Finally, it is possible that the increase in the number of EAAT-3-labelled cells in the DG at PD 60, when compared with the control and experimental animals at PD 14, is associated with natural changes in the number of neurons present during the postnatal development of the hippocampus (41, 42) and,
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ML-099 mg The third generation cephalosporin antibiotics can
2022-04-06
The third-generation cephalosporin ML-099 mg can cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) [94]. In addition, several studies have shown that CEF can also cross the BBB [95,96] through a facilitated transport process [95]. However, due to the fact that CEF has poor bioavailability when taken orally, CEF
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Caffeine decreased EAAT and EAAT expression levels in P
2022-04-06
Caffeine decreased EAAT1 and EAAT2 PKI-587 mg levels in P2 fraction, as well as [3H]d-aspartate uptake; however, as soon as caffeine is removed from incubation, [3H]-d-Aspartate uptake is recovered to control levels, eliminating the possibility of caffeine as a cell death inducer. In resume, our d
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Transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory proteins TARPs are
2022-04-06
Transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory proteins (TARPs) are a relatively newly discovered protein family. Prototypic TARP, stargazin, was found by a spontaneous mutation in ataxic stargazer mouse line as a homologous protein to γ1 calcium channel subunit (Letts et al., 1998). The role of stargazin i
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The energy required to drive the
2022-04-06
The energy required to drive the functional process to actively maintain lens transparency is primarily derived from the metabolism of glucose. Since the lens is avascular and exists in an environment of low oxygen tension, glucose is primarily metabolized by lysophospholipid receptor glycolysis (Ki
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The post translational modification O GlcNAcylation
2022-04-06
The post-translational modification O-GlcNAcylation is also dependent upon glucose fluctuations. O-GlcNAcylation has been linked to insulin resistance and glucose toxicity in diabetes and its comorbidities [11]. O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic modification tightly regulated by the nutritional sensor UD
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In mammals a major physiological role of the GHSR
2022-04-06
In mammals, a major physiological role of the GHSR gene appears to be in regulating food intake and energy homeostasis by partaking in the neuronal mechanisms involving neuropeptide Y and agouti-related protein (Nakazato et al., 2001, Chen et al., 2017). In our study, determination of the abundance
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No specific inhibitor of KCC has progressed to clinical
2022-04-06
No specific inhibitor of KCC has progressed to clinical trials, however, although compounds like H74 were shown to specifically target KCC over the related Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter (NKCC) (Ellory et al., 1990). This molecule, or its related analogues, represent compounds of promise. Simple Mg suppl
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br Conflict of interest br
2022-04-06
Conflict of interest Introduction Since its discovery in 1958 [1]the Ca2+-dependent K+ efflux in human red blood K-252c (RBC) (further referred to as the Gárdos effect) has been extensively studied (see 2, 3for review) and has been helpful in understanding the role of the Ca2+-activated K+ ch
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br Materials and methods br Results and discussion
2022-04-06
Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusion Altogether, our data provide an unexpected insight into Cx26 trafficking pathway and gap junction assembly in the cochlea. Since many of the disease-causing mutations in GJB2 impair the trafficking and delivery of Cx26 to the cell surf
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Two excellent GSMs with clear pharmacological
2022-04-06
Two excellent GSMs with clear pharmacological effect across rats, dogs, monkeys, and human subjects are BMS-932481 and BMS-986133 with IC50 at 6.6 and 3.5 nM to reduce Aβ42, respectively. Both GSMs exhibit dose- and time-dependent activity in vivo by decreasing Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40 levels while increas
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Activation of FXR or TGR
2022-04-06
Activation of FXR or TGR5 has overlapping but also differing effects on metabolic regulation and inflammation [1]. In this report, we demonstrate that in addition to preventing the progression of obesity, NAFLD, and atherosclerosis, activation of BA receptors can also promote regression of these com
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The effects of FFAR and FFAR
2022-04-06
The effects of FFAR1 and FFAR2 activation in different tissues have been reported in several species (Hara et al., 2014). Herein, we report the first evidence for differential expression of FFAR1 and FFAR2 during the peripartal period in the liver of dairy cows that differ in liver metabolism, based
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