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As discussed above both endogenous and
2022-03-04
As discussed above, both endogenous and exogenous lesions can lead to adverse health effects [43]. Damaged nucleobases can block DNA replication which is often lethal to cells [44]. The effectiveness of DNA restoration by DNA glycosylases should be closely monitored to gain an insight of the functio
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Firefly Luciferase mRNA Apoptosis a form of programmed cell
2022-03-04
Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is a critical component in maintaining homeostasis and growth in all tissues and plays a significant role in immunity and cytotoxicity [54,55]. Although GR are expressed in all immune cells, the physiological outcomes of GR activation are highly cell type-
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The effects of GHS R a blockade
2022-03-04
The effects of GHS-R1a blockade on alcohol-related outcomes have been examined in numerous preclinical experiments, utilizing various GHS-R1a antagonists (JMV 2959, [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6, BIM 28163) and rodent species (prairie vole, mouse, rat). In spite of methodological differences, the results consiste
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Fpr appears to be an indispensable component
2022-03-04
Fpr2 appears to be an indispensable component of the signaling chain governing dendritic cell trafficking in allergic airway inflammation (Chen et al., 2010). The FPR3 agonist FL2 is chemoattractant for dendritic cells, but its biological role in vivo is yet to be defined. Within the inflammatory s
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OR-486 br Materials and methods br Results
2022-03-04
Materials and methods Results Discussion The distribution of FFA1 and FFA4 expressed in normal tissues is distinguishable. FFA1 is expressed in the restricted organ, such as pancreatic beta OR-486 [18]. In contrast, FFA4 is highly expressed in the lung, gastrointestinal tract, adipocytes a
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br Promotion of GLS expression Glutamine metabolism is
2022-03-04
Promotion of GLS2 expression Glutamine metabolism is another target for alteration in ferroptosis. Glutamine is required for the induction of ferroptosis during serum-induced injury after amino M344 starvation [72]. The first step of glutamine catabolism is its conversion to glutamate, which is
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Microglia after activation can show prominently
2022-03-04
Microglia after activation can show prominently pro-inflammatory but also anti-inflammatory characteristics [46]. Although the ageing process is not a pathological process, many of the age-associated changes resemble those observed under pathological conditions. An increase number of pro-inflammator
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Several hi
2022-03-03
Materials and methods Results Discussion Several histamine H3 receptor antagonists have progressed into clinical development for indications including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, pain and narcolepsy. Each of the compounds studied herein has been extensively characterized in its own
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On the other hand after injury of the adult
2022-03-03
On the other hand, after injury of the adult heart, inflammatory monocytes are abundantly recruited to damaged myocardium and they differentiate into monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). They have strong proinflammatory phenotype and very limited capacity to promote angiogenesis and cardiomyocyte pr
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Obestatin synthetized mainly in the
2022-03-03
Obestatin, synthetized mainly in the gastrointestinal tract, participates in the regulation of metabolic functioning at both central and peripheral levels (food intake, pancreatic activity or/and adipocytes proliferation) (Granata et al., 2008; Li et al., 2011). It is involved in the complex gut-bra
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In this study we examined
2022-03-03
In this study, we examined whether zebrafish ionocytes might also share other types of similarity in transport function with kidney cells. In addition to ion transport, mammalian kidney G-15 also play key roles in xenobiotic elimination, through the action of ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporters
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Here we studied GLUT targeted nanomedicines as a new
2022-03-03
Here, we studied GLUT1-targeted nanomedicines as a new strategy directed to overcome vascular barrier, enhancing delivery and efficacy in solid tumors. These nanomedicines were prepared by controlled installation of glucose on polymeric micelles incorporating the antitumor agent cisplatin, which is
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The relationship between estrogen and the
2022-03-02
The relationship between estrogen and the Hedgehog pathway as well as the associated mechanism have already been investigated in many tissues, especially in breast cancer (Chang et al., 2012, Katayama et al., 2006, Ramaswamy et al., 2012). Hitherto, even though we have proved that HH-Gli pathway pro
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The conversion of lactose to GOS by gal
2022-03-02
The conversion of lactose to GOS by β-gal involves the same transglycosylation mechanism used by most glycoside hydrolases (GHs). This mechanism (Fig. 1) involves an enzyme-bound intermediate and consists of two processes: glycosylation and deglycosylation (Adlercreutz, 2017). The glycosylation proc
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SB1518 mg Pharmacological inhibition of PKR seems to be an i
2022-03-02
Pharmacological inhibition of PKR seems to be an interesting strategy for revealing the role of PKR in oxytosis and ferroptosis. The oxindole/imidazole derivative C16 was identified by screening a library of 26 different ATP-binding site-directed inhibitors of varying structure that is more selectiv
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